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2013 Porsche Cayenne Body Structure

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Take a quick look at the 2013 Porsche Cayenne Body Structure.  Notice what appears to be a box where the driver’s seat would be installed?  That is the battery box for the 12V battery.  Just like the VW Touareg.  The screenshot from Moditech’s Crash Recovery System (CRS) clearly shows the 12V battery underneath the driver seat.

 2013 Porsche Cayenne Body Structure

CRS Moditech Crash Recovery System

2013 Ford Fusion Hybrid ERG

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Quick Review.  Below is a quick overview of the 2013 Ford Fusion and Lincoln MKZ Hybrid and Fusion Energi. The emergency response procedures for the Fusion Hybrid, MKZ Hybrid and Fusion Energi vehicles are similar to those for traditional gasoline-powered vehicles with the addition of special considerations for the high-voltage electric system components.

The Fusion Hybrid, MKZ Hybrid and Fusion Energi vehicles use a conventional gasoline
engine in addition to an electric motor to power the vehicle.

  • Gasoline is stored in a traditional fuel tank.
  • Electricity is stored in a high-voltage battery pack.

For additional information review the 2013 Fusion MKZ Hybrid Emergency Response Guide.

2013 Ford Fusion and Lincoln MKZ Hybrid

Extrication Safety EGR Ford 2013 Fusion Hybrid

Component Location/ Description Function
1 High-Voltage Battery Approximately 300-Volts DC
  • Lies flat in the trunk area, located behind the rear seat.
  • Sealed lithium battery.
Provides high-voltage storage for vehicle’s electric motor.
2 12-Volt Battery
  • Located in the trunk area of the vehicle
  • Typical automotive 6-cell lead/acid design.
Provides 12-volts for vehicle accessories.
3 High-Voltage Service Disconnect
  • Located behind the rear seatback
  • Orange rectangle with a molded plastic handle, about 100 mm (4 in) in length.
Provides means to disconnect high-voltage battery for safely servicing vehicle.
4 High-Voltage Wiring
  • Runs along the vehicle’s floorpan from the high-voltage battery to the Electronically Controlled Continuously Variable Transaxle (ECVT), to the DC-to-DC converter and then to the electric A/C and heater units.
  • All high-voltage wiring has orange-colored insulation.
Provides physical connection between high-voltage battery and vehicle’s high-voltage equipment.
5 Transmission Control Module
  • Located above the transmission.
  • Contains controlling electronics for managingpropulsion.
Provides rotational force during Electrical Drive Modes. Generates 3-phase AC high-voltage electricity via two cables to and from the traction motor and generator.
6 Electronically Controlled Continuously Variable Transaxle (ECVT)
  • Transverse-mounted design,
    similar to the non-Hybrid
    Fusion MKZ vehicles
Provides rotational force to the wheels for vehicle propulsion and transmits rotational force to the engine’s generator to recharge batteries.
7 Electric A/C Compressor
  • Located in front of the engine.
  • It has an orange high-voltage wire attached to it using an interlock connector.
Provides electric A/C operation; replaces the belt driven A/C compressor.

2013 Ford Fusion Energi

Extrication Safety EGR Ford 2013 Fusion Energi

Component Location/ Description Function
1 High-Voltage Service Disconnect
  • Located behind the rear seat back.
  • Orange rectangle with a molded plastic handle, about 100 mm (4 in) in length.
Provides means to high-voltage battery for safely servicing vehicle.
2 High-Voltage Battery Approximately 300 Volts DC
  • Lies flat in the trunk area,located behind the rear seat.
  • Sealed lithium battery.
Provides high-voltage storage for vehicle’s electric motor.
3 110-Volt Cordset
  • Located in the trunk area ofthe vehicle.
Provides 110v charging option to the high-voltage battery when connected to the charging port .
4 12-Volt Battery
  • Located in the trunk area of the vehicle.
  • Typical automotive 6-cell lead/acid design.
Provides 12-volts for vehicle accessories.
5 High-Voltage Wiring
  • Runs along the vehicle’s floorpan from the high-voltage battery to the Electronically Controlled Continuously
    Variable Transaxle (ECVT), to the DC-to-DC converter and then to the electric A/C and heater units.
  • All high-voltage wiring has orange-colored insulation.
Provides physical connection between High-Voltage battery and vehicle’s High-Voltage equipment.
6 Charging Port
  • Located on the driver side fender.
Provides 110v charging option to the high-voltage battery when the vehicle is not in operation .
7 Transmission Control Module
  • Located above the transmission.
  • Contains controlling electronics for managing propulsion.
Provides rotational force during Electrical Drive Modes. Generates 3-phase AC High Voltage electricity via two cables to and
from the traction motor and
generator.
8 Electronically Controlled Continuously Variable Transaxle (ECVT)
  • Transverse-mounted design, similar to the non-Hybrid Fusion MKZ vehicles.
Provides rotational force to the wheels for vehicle propulsion and transmits rotational force to the engine’s generator to recharge batteries.
9 Electric A/C Compressor
  • Located in front of the engine.
  • It has an orange high voltage wire attached to it using an interlock connector.
Provides electric A/C operation; replaces the belt driven A/C compressor.
10 Electric Heater
  • Located in the engine compartment on the passenger side.
Provides passenger compartment with heat without the need to turn the engine on.

Hidden Hazards Inside of a Vehicle

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The automotive industry has changed the way first responders approach a motor vehicle accident compared to a decade ago.  Air bags are standard equipment, pretensioners are used in second and third row seats, and the seats are starting to resemble a firefighter jet seat with the technology packed into a small package.  Situational Awareness is the new catch phrase in the extrication world.  First responders must be aware of hazards of a vehicle from bumper to bumper!

For years extrication trainers preached peel away the plastic interior trim to ensure an air bag gas inflator is not in the cut path.  However, those days are long gone!   What we need to start doing is a quick “trauma assessment” if you will on our vehicles before we make a cut to any pillar or roof structure.  Once the interior trim is pulled off palpate any visible nylon air bag curtains close to the metal.   Deployed gas inflators statistically do not pose a safety hazard if cut.  However, the best stance to take is to never cut through a gas inflator because there is no method available to us to determine if the inflator is still charged.

Occupant sensors in the front seats are devices that measure the distance away from the steering wheel or dash and weigh the occupant to determine if the air bag should be deployed in a crash.  Have you ever put your backpack on the passenger seat and notice that the “Air bag Off” light turns on?  This is an example of the sensor weighing the load on the seat and determining that the occupant in the seat does not meet the minimum weight for the air bag to deploy in a crash.

Pretensioners

Seatbelt pretensioners tighten the belt a few inches to prevent the occupant from jerking forward in a crash.  Pretensioners are mounted in two different methods, to the seat belt retractor located in a body pillar or on the seat structure.  Front seat mounted pretensioners are typically mounted to the top of the seat adjustment track.  Seat mounted pretensioners will moved the seatbelt buckle and not the seatbelt. A center console usually provides enough protection for first responders not to have to worry about any hazards from charged pretensioners.

Buckle mounted pretensioners uses gas stored in the tube to retract the buckle during certain crashes. Retractor mounted pretensioners like the TRW one in is set off by any electronically fired pyrotechnic charge which retracts the seatbelt by 80mm, which is more than three inches.  During the earlier stages of a crash, the pretensioner removes excess slack in the seatbelt to begin effective occupant restraint.

 Pretensioners Extrication Safety Firefighter

Pretensioners are not reserved for front seat passengers.  Many late vehicles like the Volvo have pretensioners in the rear seats. Pyrotechnic pretensioners in the rear seats can be buckle or retractor mounted.  Many rear seats that are split into 60/40 seats have a metal tower that is thick and big that holds a high mounted seat belt retractor. This tower is located in the 60% seat or the larger of the two.  If the seats are split up into 40/20/40 than the tower is located in the center or 20% seat.

Some vehicles have a pre-collision safety system that includes an electric motor-pyrotechnic pretensioner system.  During a pre-collision event like extreme sudden hard braking, an electric motor in the pretensioners retracts the front seatbelts.  Once the event stabilizes the electric motor will reverse itself.  The pyrotechnic pretensioners function normally and separately from a motor-pyrotechnic pretensioner system.

Load limiting is a safety that is used to minimize belt-inflicted injuries. A basic load limiting feature is sewn into the belt webbing and stitches are designed to break when a certain load is applied to the belt. The belt extends when the stitches come apart and allow the sewn webbing to unfold.   A mechanical load limiting device use

Air bags

Air bags entered the automotive market as an air bag in the driver’s steering wheel.  In 2011 model year vehicles, 10 different air bags in per vehicle are no longer a feature reserved for expense luxury vehicles.  Automakers proudly advertise air bags on the vehicle interior on the steering wheel, bash panel, and pillar trim panels.

Seat Air bags

Seat mounted air bags are not a new hazard facing first responders.  The difference is in the size and numbers of air bags packaged in a Seat Airbag ID Extricationseat are changing.  Front seats can have two separate air bags to protect the occupant during a crash.  This number is expected to increase when centered mounted seat air bags are used.  Seat air bag are located along the outside of seat back frame and the bag is stored in a deflector called a “Taco” that directs the air bag when deployed.

Center Mounted Seat Air bag

Center Seat Airbag Safety ExtricationGeneral Motors has developed a  front center air bag deploys from the right side of the driver’s seat and positions itself between the front row seats near the center of the vehicle.   The tubular tethered air bag is designed to act as an energy absorbing cushion between driver and front passenger in side crashes. The air bag will also be deployed during a rollover.  The center mounted seat air bag will be in the Buick Enclave, GMC Acadia, and Chevrolet Traverse starting in the 2013 model year. Toyota developed a rear center console with an air bag that deploys between the rear passenger seats.  Toyota has not put this air bag into production yet, but it is likely to make into a vehicle platform soon.

Side Air bags

Occupant ejection mitigation is new safety requirement that the automakers must meet by 2017.  Side air bags and glazing of side window glass are the methods being tested and engineered into current model vehicles.  These air bags will be large volume that can run from A-pillar to D-pillar.  The 2011 Grand Caravan has a side impact air bag over nine feet long and is inflated by a stored gas inflator the size of a child’s lunchbox thermos and has over 10,000psi!  

Side Airbag Extrication

2011 Dodge Caravan Side Air bag

Knee Air bags

Knee air bags are typically located underneath the steering wheel on the angled portion of the instrument panel.  The knee air bag module is a rectangle box easily package as a complete air bag systems with the gas inflator inside.  This helps during installation at the auto plants and allows this system to be used in different vehicles.

Door Air bags

Many luxury auto makers have started installing door air bags.  The air bags are typically installed in the center of the door.

Airbelts

 Airbelt Seat belt airbag extrication safetyThe 2011 Ford Explorer was the first production vehicle to have inflatable rear seat belts.  Ford plans to offer inflatable seat belt technology in vehicles globally in the future. What is important to remember is the airbelt requires a stored gas inflator store in the seat.  A pioneering company, Moditech, provides current information on hazards inside and outside the vehicle.  Moditech developed the Crash Recovery System (CRS) and the image below of the 2011 Ford Explorer.

 

 2012 Ford Explorer Rear Seat Belt Airbag extrication CRS Moditech

Key Fobs

Ready On Key Fob ExtricationKeyless ignition is nothing new but many automakers are offering the features on their vehicles.  Hyundai offers keyless ignition with a key fob or smart key that works on proximity.   So how do you turn the car off if there is no key in the ignition?  Most vehicles have a “Start” or “Power” button that is used to switch the ignition from off, to on, or to ACC.  Make sure you the button indicator light is off.  If you see a “READY-ON” light on the display the vehicle is started.  This is very important with hybrid or electric vehicles because of the quiet operation.  An important note, on some vehicles the “Power” button indicator light turns off when the vehicle is started.  That is why it is important to make sure you do not see “READY-ON”!

Batteries

First responders are aware of hybrid and plug-in electric batteries inside of the passenger compartment.  However, 12-volt batteries can also be found inside of the passenger compartment.  For example, the GMC Acadia has the 12-volt battery located in the floor behind the front passenger seat.

 Extrication Battery Location Floor

Is that vehicle totaled?

Late model vehicles have dozens of safety systems that keep occupants safe during a crash or rollover.  Just because the vehicle may look repairable does not necessarily mean it is.  Plastic interior trim panels and seat covers are designed to rip or tear when air bags deploys.   Seat structures are engineered to distribute the load of an occupant.   Seatbelts can have rip stitching to absorb energy from the occupant.  Pyrotechnic pretensioners are onetime use.  Keep in mind that most of the time in a serious accident the glass is already broken out and the windshield typically has spider marks from the air bags or occupants.  Never let the fear of “totaling” a vehicle compromise patient care.  Just remember all the hazards mentioned in this article are real and in vehicles.

Variable Torque Motors (VTM) Hybrid System

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Did you ever think you would encounter the Flux Capacitor from the movie Back to the Future at an MVA?  Do you need to look out for 1.21 gigawatts?  Believe it or not, the Flux Capacitor was an ultra-capacitor.  Though the Variable Torque Motors (VTM) ultracapacitors aren’t made to hold the massive 1.21 gigawatts of the DeLorean in the movie.

The VTM Hybrid is designed for all types of Class 3 though 7 vehicles including shuttle buses, refuse trucks, delivery vans and school buses. The VTM Hybrid is the most affordable hybrid solution on the market. How the system works is it automatically adds torque ahead of the engine to boost acceleration and then conserving energy normally lost in the braking process. What is very interesting is the system is 500 pounds lighter than alternative hybrid systems because instead of batteries it uses ultracapacitors to store energy. Yes good old ultracapacitors!

Ultracapacitors Hybrid Extrication VTM

Ultra-Capacitor_hybrid_Extrication_ultracapacitor

Variable Torque Motors ERG

Emergency shutoff switches are clearly marked and easily located (including one at the driver’s side) in case of an accident or for maintenance safety.  These switches isolate the ultra-capacitors to ensure that no power can be discharged to the vehicle and simultaneously inform emergency responders that the vehicle is a hybrid, which can change their response tactics.

Variable Torque Motors

AT&T Alternative-fuel vehicles

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You get dispatched to a cable company van that is upside down on the highway.  Did you ever think it could be a CNG vehicle?  While At&t has deployed over 5000 Alternative-fuel vehicles deployed including 3,469 CNG vehicles and 1,617 hybrid electric vehicles, as part of a $565 million commitment to deploy approximately 15,000 alternative-fuel vehicles (AFVs) over a 10-year period through 2018.  So what do you know about CNG vehicles?

Here’s a list of guides that are availble:

Ford AT&T CNG Van
2012 Chevrolet Express Cargo Van (1200 vehicles)

ATT Chevrolet CNG Express Van

The delivery of 1,200 Chevrolet Express compressed natural gas (CNG) dedicated cargo vans will be deployed to AT&T service centers nationwide.  So chances are, you may have one roaming the roads near you!

GM CNG Van Natural Gas Safety Extrication AT&T

So how are all those trucks going to get fuel?  In Michigan, DTE Energy Company unveiled a public fueling station on 44th Street SW for vehicles operating on compressed natural gas (CNG).  DTE has 20 natural gas stations in Michigan and sells the compressed natural gas to other companies like AT&T for use in its fleets of trucks.  Keep an eye out and know what’s in your response area!

DTE CNG Fueling Station Extrication

NFPA’s Electric Vehicle Emergency Field Guide

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Emergency Field Guide, EFGThe NFPA just released a Emergency Field Guide for sale.  The price is modest at $45 for a print copy.  I like to see extrication field guides hitting the market.  There’s a pocket electric/ hybrid guide getting ready to be released soon. A lot of rescuers still like to have a printed copy in their hands to flip through.  Hopefully, I can get a copy yo review and provide a complete review.  In the mean time, here’s what the NFPA has to say about it.

Respond to electric and hybrid vehicle incidents involving damaged high voltage batteries, battery fires, submersion and charging stations with NFPA’s full-color Electric Vehicle Emergency Field Guide, 2012 Edition. It’s packed with color visuals and technical data reviewed by the auto manufacturers!

Learn about everything from vehicle immobilization to disabling high-voltage and SRS systems, conducting safe extrication cuts, and executing vehicle recovery and disposal. The hands-on EV Emergency Field Guide covers:

  • Disabling procedures and extrication hazards specific to individual makes and models — checked by manufacturers for technical accuracy
  • NFPA-developed procedural guidelines for fire response, extrication, submersion, spill hazards, and first aid
  • Original manufacturer diagrams and images
  • Leading-edge Lithium Ion vehicle safety information from third-party research such as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the Fire Protection Research Foundation
  • Post-incident recovery procedures
  • Warning signs of latent fire risks
  • Storage guidance

The Emergency Field Guide is updated as technology changes, so make sure you have the latest!

Compact, spiralbound, and organized for easy access to information, the Electric Vehicle Emergency Field Guide is essential for fire and rescue personnel, EMS technicians, law enforcement, and towing/recovery professionals. Stay safe and be prepared to respond — order today. (Spiralbound, Approx. 145 pp., 2012 Volume 1)

Purchase a pdf or print copy from our online catalog today! 

2013 Ford Hybrid and Electric Vehicles HV Batteries and Disconnects

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The 2013 Ford Towing Guide is available online and has some good information that we can use while we await the release of the 2013 Emergency Response Guide (ERG).

2013-ford-focus-electric-badgeFocus Electric Battery and High Voltage Service Disconnect Locations

  1. High Voltage Batteries
  2. High Voltage Service Disconnects
Focus Electric Battery and High Voltage Service Disconnect Locations

Ford-Fusion-Hybrid-2013 BadgeFusion Hybrid Battery and High Voltage Service Disconnect Locations

  1. High Voltage Service Disconnect
  2. High Voltage Battery

Fusion Hybrid Battery and High Voltage Service Disconnect Locations

2013-ford-c-max-energi-door-badgeC-Max Hybrid Battery and High Voltage Service Disconnect Locations

  1. High Voltage Battery
  2. High Voltage Service Disconnect

C-Max Hybrid Battery and High Voltage Service Disconnect Locations

 

Extrication Update

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During my classroom portion of the train the trainer class in Ann Arbor, I talked about how useful the Internet and even Facebook is to the fire service, especially the extrication discipline!   Take a look at the links below for some great extrication information!

  • First Due Tackle by Paul Hasenmeier (Paul will be a great addition to the FireEMSBlogs.com network,  make sure you like the First Due Tackle Facebook page)
  • Rediscovering the Air Chisel by Les Baker (Why so many firefighters don’t use this tool—and what they should know about its many practical uses)
  • Interior Ramming vs. Exterior Spreading by Les Baker (What the interior rescuer needs to know to conduct aggressive clearance tactics to displace the roof)
  • Game Plan Your Extrications by Desmond Fulton (The IS-SAVED acronym offers an easy-to-remember plan for the extrication scene)
  • Episode 274: X-Trication Radio by David Dalrymple (David Dalrymple hosts X-Trication Radio once a month on Fire Engineering’s Blog Talk Radio channel. Make sure you listen when you have the chance. All the previous episodes are available on Fire Engineering’s channel. You can even stream past episodes thru your car radio. I caught up on a couple of episodes I missed during my drive to FDIC. There’s no place that you cannot turn into a training place!)
  • Moditech CRS screenshot on Facebook (Moditech posts a Crash Recovery System (CRS) screenshot and asks their Facebook page followers what they notice about the vehicle and the hazards, etc on the vehicle. )CRS Moditech Extrication Facebook

Advanced Steel Extrication PowerPoints

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Below are the advanced steel PowerPoints I presented at the Train the Trainer in Ann Arbor Michigan.  Feel free to use, share, and change it fit your departments needs.  Also, please let me know of anything you think should change.

2012 Dodge Ram Truck Side Airbag

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Here is a quick look at the driver side airbag in the Dodge Ram Truck model year  2008-2012.

2013 Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG E-Cell Supercar

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Mercedes-Benz  has a 526 horsepower electric drivetrain in the upcoming SLS AMG E-Cell supercar. Power for the E-Cell will be provided by four electric motors. The E-Cell employs a permanent all-wheel drive system which is powered by a 400-volt battery made up of 12 modules of 72 lithium-ion polymer cells.  The battery is housed in within the carbon fiber transmission tunnel, which is structurally integrated into the E-Cell’s aluminum body shell.  This is a 2013 model year vehicle expected to hit the roads in the fall of 2012.

2012 Avalon Body Structure and Airbags

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Body Structure

Avalon’s body structure is strengthened to help meet the latest side impact standards, accounting for higher-riding vehicles such as SUVs. In the event of collision, reinforced members, pillars, panels and doors absorb impact energy, then distribute it around and away from the passenger cabin for enhanced impact protection.

Airbags

Avalon’s Dual-stage Front Airbags are designed to deploy with the most appropriate amount of force – lower and less forceful in the event of a moderate collision; higher energy level for more severe impacts. Front Seat-mounted Side Airbags, built into the seat and not the door pillar for enhanced protection, have been designed to provide a greater coverage area. In addition, standard front and rear Side-curtain Airbags help provide protection for all passengers in side impacts. Avalon also features a driver’s knee airbag as standard equipment.

Notice where the side airbag inflator is located?

2012 Buick LaCrosse eAssist Hybrid

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Just like the 2012 Buick LaCrosse, the 2013  Chevrolet Malibu Eco shares the same hybrid style system.

2012 Buick LaCrosse with e-Assist Technology Hybrid Extrication

Buick Emergency Response Guides:

2012 Buick LaCrosse with e-Assist Technology Hybrid Extrication

2013 Chevrolet Malibu Eco; AKA a Hybrid, kind of!

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The Chevrolet Malibu Eco vehicles are front-wheel drive, five passenger vehicles with a lightly electrified gasoline engine. The eAssist system utilizes a high voltage battery, located in the trunk, as a supplemental power source. The system assists the engine utilizing a high torque belt-driven starter / generator.

2013 Malibu Eco Chevrolet eAssisst Extrication Hybrid Battery HV Cable

The eAssist system features a 130 volt lithium-ion battery, which provides electrical energy to the starter / generator. The high voltage battery assembly is located in the trunk behind the rear passenger seats. The assembly includes several internal components that operate together to provide and control the high voltage for the eAssist system.

 2013 Malibu Eco Chevrolet eAssisst Extrication Hybrid Battery HV Cable

There are two separate electrical systems within the eAssist vehicles: low voltage (12 V) and high voltage (130 V). The low voltage system is similar to a conventional vehicle.

Do NOT cut the:

  • Roof rails near the center pillar; contains side curtain airbag inflators
  • Front seat back on the outboard edge; contains side airbags
  • Center pillar near the rocker; contains the seat belt retractor pretensioner and side impact sensor

2013 Malibu Eco Chevrolet eAssisst Extrication Hybrid Battery HV Cable Body Structure

The Chevrolet Malibu Eco is designed to protect the occupants during a collision. The body structure contains high strength steel; this is highlighted in blue. The occupants are protected from front, rear, and side impacts by a structural cage created by the underlying vehicle structural design.  Additional crumple zones protect the occupant with front, side, and rear rails that are designed to crush in a crash.

2013 Malibu Eco Chevrolet eAssisst Extrication Hybrid Battery HV Cable Body Structure

Cut through the low voltage cables on each side of the yellow labels to remove a section of the cable to ensure the cables cannot inadvertently reconnect.

Make sure you read thru the Emergency Response Guides below:

2012 Hyundai Veolster Body Structure

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What’s different about the Veolster compared to a typical vehicle?

One design technique automakers use is common parts that can be used in different places in the vehicle, but are the exact same part.  Another commonly used technique is design a part that is symmetrically opposite, or in better words, a mirror image.  This is the reason most side airbags and inflators are generally located in the same location from driver side to passenger side.  However, that is not always the case.  Take a look at the body structure of the 2012 Hyundai Veolster.  Not only are the side airbag inflators in a different location on the driver compared to the passenger side.  The B-Pillar is completely different from driver to passenger.  Now on the Hyundai Veolster, a quick inner survey should reveal that the passenger side has a rear door.  Always keep in made the vehicle could be pinned up next to a jersey barrier or another vehicle that could hide features of the vehicle.  While the 2012 Hyundai Veolster is a uniquely designed body structure and definitely not typical.  We need to add the body structure design and asymmetrically airbag location into our mental toolboxes!

Extrication Train the Trainer in the Detroit Area

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If you are looking for a train the trainer extrication course in the Detroit area, look no further!  Brock Archer, Ron Moore (from Firehouse Magazine and the University of Extrication) and myself are teaching a 5 day extrication course.  The classroom portion will be at the Ann Arbor Fire Department and the hands on training will be by Detroit Metro Airport.  Brock will be bringing his West Coast extrication knowledge to the Motor City! Ron Moore will also be presenting, I have stated this before, every firefighter needs to see Ron present in person!  This will be a course that everyone will be talking about!

Check out the flyer below and the course outline and contact me with any questions.

Extrication FDIC Train the Trainer Ron Moore Brock Archer Detroit

West Coast Extrication: Part 1, Ron Moore

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My trip started off at the Fremont Fire Department Administrative offices for some classroom training.  The picture of the hydrant below was a gift from the Recruit Class of 01-1 in appreciation for the time, knowledge and training given.   Something I thought was really cool!

I have said this many times on this site.  Ron Moore is one fire service instructor you need to see in person whenever you get the chance.  Ron has a passion for extrication and informing firefighters with useful knowledge to stay up to date with the continuous changes in vehicle technology.  Wednesday was a full day in the classroom where Ron covered airbags, hybrids and electric vehicles, and the advanced steels in vehicle body structures.

Here is a question Ron asked during the airbag portion of class.  What is the maximum number of airbags possible in a vehicle?  What’s your answer? 9, 12, 15, 25 or infinity.  There is no easy answer!  Seatbelt airbags, center mounted seat airbags, door airbags, and the list goes on and on!  Also remember that the “airbag” advertisement on plastic trim and seats is just that, an advertisement.  The location of the airbag and or gas inflator has no direct relation to the advertisement.

The lead instructor, Brock Archer, arranged for a BMW ActiveE electric vehicle to be displayed after lunch for everyone to review and look at.  I have a bunch of the pictures of the BMW ActiveE on the Boron Extrication Facebook Page.  Make sure you check the images out and if you don’t already like our Facebook page, please do!

Stay tuned for parts 2 and 3 of the West Coast Extrication trip!  Part 2 will be on school bus extrication and Part 3 on advanced extrication techniques.

Flying Out West for a Little Extrication Training!

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BoronExtrication.com’s first post flying high over the central United States. Heading out to Fremont California for a train the trainer extrication class that Brock Archer is holding at the Fremont Fire Department Training Center. Brock Archer is the former Assistant Fire Chief for the Hopland Fire District. He is a California State Fire Training instructor and teaches swift water and rope rescue at the NFPA level. Brock is currently teaches auto extrication throughout the U.S. which is why I’m headed west! I missed the first two days of the class but with Ron Moore flying in tonight to teach a full day tomorrow then two solid days of practical extrication training to finish up the class. Every firefighter needs to see Ron Moore at a live presentation. Ron is one the best fire service instructors because he gears his topic to areas that are important and relevant to firefighters operating on an extrication scene.

I also plan to stop by a few firehouses in the San Francisco/ Oakland area. I really would like to meet the firefighters behind Axehead Clothing and Wolfpack Leather Works. Both of those guys are Oakland Firefighters I believe.  

Toyota FJ Cruiser Roof Airbag Gas Inflator

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The current Toyota FJ Cruiser (2007-present) has some very large roof airbag gas inflator. Take a look at the images below and let me know what you think. The size of the roof airbag inflators makes me what to reach out to some friends at Toyota and get so information on the volume and PSI on the inflators. Stay tuned!

extrication safety Toyota FJ Cruiser gas inflator airbag

The screenshot below is from Moditech’s Crash Recovery System.  If you haven’t liked Moditech’s Facebook Page you are missing out on some great information that they post on there!  Make sure you like the Boron Extrication Facebook page too!

extrication safety Toyota FJCruiser gas inflator airbag

Toyota FJ Cruiser Roof Airbag Gas Inflator

Toyota FJ Cruiser Roof Airbag Gas Inflator

Where is the Service HV Disconnect on a Nissan Leaf?

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Hopefully by now, no one is intimidated by electric or hybrid vehicles.  Once the High Voltage (HV) battery is disconnected all you have is a vehicle that has a really big battery in it.  However, learning how to safely disconnect the HV battery by pulling out the service disconnect plug requires one key of information, where is it?   The service disconnect plug can be located inside a console, the trunk, or even hidden under the carpet.  The Nissan Leaf’s service disconnect is located under the carpet behind the center console.

The Emergency Response Guide (ERG) for the Nissan Leaf provides step by step instructions on how to find and safely use the service plug to disconnect the HV battery.  In black and white that is.  Take a look at the ERG instructions below and see if you think you can figure it out.   A special thanks to Eric J. Rickenbach from Rescuetechs.com for the photos!


Mitsubishi i-MiEV (Mitsubishi innovative Electric Vehicle)

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MiEV is an acronym for Mitsubishi innovative Electric Vehicle and it is a five-door hatchback electric car and is the electric version of the Mitsubishi i.   There is not an Emergency Response Guide (ERG) for the North America version yet because the 2012 model is the first year sold in the United States.  The information below is taken from the European market, well the Germany ERG for the 2011 Mitsubishi MiEV.  The US version will have some changes, but expect most of the vehicle to remain unchanged.  Check back, I’ll post info on the 2012 US model as soon as it is available.

More Mitsubishi rescue data sheet/rescue maps are located here.

2012 Mitubishi-erg Extrication Battery Hazards CRS

2012 Mitubishi-erg Extrication Battery Hazards CRS

 

 

Chevrolet Volt and Opel/Vauxhall Ampera, What do you know?

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Ampera Volt Extrication Battery SafetyWith just over 4000 Chevrolet Volts sold in the United States the Michigan made electric cars are started to be exported to other markets. The European market will have the choice of the Volt or the Opel/Vauxhall Ampera.  The Opel Ampera is the European version of the Volt.  The main differences between the Volt and the Ampera are in the styling.   The Ampera will have one additional drive mode than the Volt, City Mode.  The “City Mode” adapts battery management to the needs of commuter travelers which engages the range-extender engine (or “gas generator”) immediately.  The Amperas will be branded as a Vauxhall in the UK.Australia, Brazil, and Japan will have limited numbers of Amperas/Volts imported.

For our knowledge the hazards in the Volt and Amperas are the same in all the models.  The basic vehicle platform is the same regardless of the country.  However, just remember, the Volt is just a car.  If you know how to disable the HV battery than it’s just a car with a huge battery in it!  The information below was taken from the Chevrolet Rescue Data Sheet for the  European Union markets.

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Chevrolet Volt Deactivation Extrication Electric Car Rescue Safety Battery Cable Rear SeatChevrolet Volt Deactivation Extrication Electric Car Rescue Safety Battery Cable

Roof Removal

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The emergency Response Guides (ERG) that the auto makers are getting more detailed and starting to include extrication recommendations.  The 2012 Toyota Prius ERG contains a recommended process to remove the roof when the side airbags are not deployed.  A total roof removal is not recommended when the side airbags are not deployed.  Toyota provides an image in the ERG to show where you should cut the roof.  The  roof center section inboard of the roof rails should be cut from front to rear.  Make sure you remove all glass including all windows to ensure all broken glass is controlled and the patient is protected.  Toyota states that the area highlighted inside of the roof rails in from store gas inflators and other hazards, but also peel away the trim panels to verify for yourself.

Cutting inside of the roof rails is a quick effective way to get access to the patient.  A fast cutting method is to use a metal cutting circular saw.  The Prius V has an optional transparent dark gray polycarbonate roof panel. Now I have never cut a polycarbonate roof panel, but its’ just a glorified piece of plastic so a metal cutting saw should work fine. One important note about using a metal cutting circular saw, once you start your cut watch for the pressure from the pillars pushing the roof rails toward the center of the vehicle.  If you don’t follow me, let me switch materials.  Imagine you are cutting a piece of plywood and halfway thru the saw blade gets stuck.

Prius Solar Panel Roof Option

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The solar panel generates a nominal 60 watts of electricity but does not produce high voltage. The maximum output possible is 27 volts and maximum current of 3.6 Amps. This is under optimal conditions.

2010 Toyota Prius Solar Roof Extrication

Voltage is generated when the solar panel is exposed to sunlight the output wire maybe energized even after the vehicle is shut off and the 12 volt auxiliary battery is disconnected. Current will only flow if the solar ventilation blower fan circuit is turned on.

Prius Solar Panel Roof Hybrid Extrication Safety

The solar panel is located on the roof above the rear passenger space above.  The solar panel output wire is not electrically connected to the 12 volt auxiliary battery, SRS airbags, or the High Voltage battery pack. The solar panel output will not back feed power to these circuits.
Breaking or cutting the solar panel is generally not a hazard except for injury that may occur from material fragments.

2010 Toyota Prius Solar Panel Ventilation System Extrication

The Solar Panel Ventilation System only powers the fan but the Remote Air Conditioning System activates the A/C compressor is powered by the high voltage system.  This is important to remember.  However, the Remote Air Conditioning System only operates for 3 minutes and then the high voltage battery cables are de-energized because the high voltage flow from the HV battery pack stops.

For more information read pages 13 & 14 in the 2010 Toyota Prius (3rd generation) Emergency Response Guide.

2012 Honda Civic Hybrid Extrication Hazards

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You are dispatched to an MVA with a Honda Civic and another vehicle.  You ATF that the appearance of the 2012 Civic Hybrid is essentially the same as conventional Civic sedans.  The only difference is the word “Hybrid” appears on the right rear of the vehicle on the Hybrid model.

2012 Honda Civic Hybrid Extrication Hazards

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The Cut Zones are highlighted in blue below.  Make sure you take note of the Side Curtain Airbag Inflators in the C-Pillar.

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2012 Honda Civic hybrid technical illustration for engine, hybrid IMA layout with Intelligent Power Unit (IPU) and chassis.